Genetic Engineering ethics

Genes are what code particular traits and characteristics and are the influence to health and disease. Ongoing advances are now making It available for parents to genetically modify Implanted embryos aiding In the creation of ‘designer babies'. In my essay I am going to discuss the case of a Bristles couple that will have Britain's first designer baby. I will cover the ethical Issues regarding the topic of genetic engineering and also theories of Kantian Ethics and utilitarianism to Justify If genetic engineering is morally right.A British couple has bypassed strict laws in Britain for genetic screening by traveling o America and undergoing treatment which costs 80,000 in order to conceive their desired child, in the hope to save their sick 4-year-old son who is recovering from Leukemia. Experts at the Reproductive Genetics Institute based in Chicago did IVY Treatment on the mother and then screened embryos to find a good bone marrow match for the British couple's son, should h e relapse and need a transplant.Doctors will collect blood from the umbilical cord, which Is rich In stem cells that have the ability to repopulate bone marrow. This has been a controversial case where It Is questionable If science has pushed the boundaries too much The key ethical issues explored in this case include, whether it is fair for parents to manipulate the genes of their children for particular traits when the child themselves cannot give consent, does selecting for certain traits pose health risks that would have not been apparent otherwise and will new forms of inequality arise due to genetic aristocracy.The key ethical issue I am looking at is whether it is morally right for parents to be allowed to create designer babies, is it a step towards scientific success or the pushing of scientific boundaries? Kantian ethics was a theory developed by Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804), he believed In the respect for persons, that no one should be treated as a means to an end only. As R eaches and Reaches (2010) state, the only way human beings can have a moral goodness is to act from a good will as if it is a sense of duty.Can (2002) supports this by saying that Kant considered it a duty to treat people with respect because of their freedom and to encourage the pursuit of individual's ends because it has been their free choice. Therefore treating them as an end and never only as a means, as hat is considered as manipulating and using people to get to your desires. Another important part of Kantian Ethics was the idea of an action being applied universally.Christians, Fickler, McKee, Crusher and Woods (2009) state â€Å"what is right for one is right for all† (p. 15). According to Kant he believed that before you acted you would have to question whether you would apply this action universally and allow everyone to do It as well, If so the act would be accepted and If not the act would be disallowed. Reaches and Reaches (2010) support this by saying, † being a moral agent, hen, means gulden ones conduct by universal laws – moral rules that hold without exception in all circumstances† (p. 29). Undergoing genetic engineering, it is known that Kant believed that if an action was to be Justified it should be able to be applied universally. Applying this British couples action universally would mean that it would be Justified for every family having children to genetically modify their babies genes by using embryo screening technology. In this case it would be a good outcome as it allows security for both the parents and especially the 4-year-old son who could possibly have a relapse.However Kant would not agree to apply it universally as it would allow all couples to under go embryo screening where not only you can screen for genetic disease but also determine what gender, hair type, eye color type and height levels your child would be, there would be families who would abuse this scientific technology to create the most genetically superior child. Another reason why Kant would not support the actions of this British family is because he believed that you should never treat someone as a means to an end.Kant thought it was a duty to treat people with respect because of their freedom. However in the case the designer child has given no consent in the matter in being the savior child for the older son, incase he is in need of a transplant. Instead of the parents promoting the idea of letting their newborn child have a life where the respect of its own rights are more important, it now has to live a life knowing that its own internal body parts and organs will be used incase of a relapse for the sick sibling. Consequentially this child is therefore used as a means to an end.Although the designer child is promoting its siblings welfare and putting its own needs before its own, this child has had no freedom of hooch and the parents are solely thinking about the consequences and the positive outcomes this designer child will create. Kant would conclude that the parents of the designer baby are morally wrong and their actions weren't Justified. Utilitarianism takes a very different approach to Kantian ethics as it is essentially determined by what will produce the best consequences and increase overall happiness and the least amount of evil in the world.There are two main types of Utilitarianism, one is Classical Utilitarianism and the other is Rule Utilitarianism. The preferences between the two are that Act Utilitarian's Judge an action based on the consequences of it, whereas Rule Utilitarian's Judge the action as a rule and what would happen if everyone lived by it. However both forms can be summarized into three propositions. The first proposition is all actions can be Judged right or wrong, dependent on their consequences.Reaches and Reaches (2010) state that to determine whether an action is right or wrong you should look at the results and consequences of that action, if it ha s produced the most happiness for the greatest amount of people then therefore it is right and nothing else matters. Christians, Fickler, McKee, Crusher and Woods (2009) discuss the second proposition for utilitarianism as a calculation for the consequences of each option available and then question whether there is a greater amount of harm or greater amount of good in the lives that would be affected.Once actions have been Judged we then are morally obliged to choose the option with has the greatest amount of happiness and least amount of unhappiness. The third proposition urges that everybody happiness is stating â€Å"right actions are those that produce the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness, with each person's happiness counted as equally important† (109). Looking at this case from a Utilitarian view, its shows to have very different perspectives than Kantian Ethics.The Utilitarianism approach supports the act of the British couple with creating a genetically modified child in the aid of their 4-year-old son, as they believe that actions should be Judged on their consequences. The act of which the British couple chose to make was to genetically screen and then choose an embryo with the perfect bone marrow gene to help save their son recovering from Leukemia should he need a transplant.The consequences of which this act has are to help save the life of the young 4-year-old child and create security for the family, knowing they would have two healthy children. Another reason why Utilitarian's will support the actions of this couple is because it has created the greatest amount of happiness. In this case the people who would be truly happy are the parents, as a sense of security has been created from the designer child and also the sick four- year-old son would be very happy as well as he gets to live a healthier life knowing he as the transplants available should he need them.However the only person who would be unhappy could be the desig ner child as it is being used without giving consent but that would not matter as Utilitarian's also believe that everyone's happiness is equal, so therefore no ones happiness is more important than the others. Utilitarian's are more concerned about the consequences of an action than the motives and intentions therefore the action of the parents creating a designer child would be considered morally right as the consequences of this action leads to a greater amount of happiness than unhappiness.From a Utilitarian perspective Parents would be considered morally right in allowing to create designer babies as it can be used to eradicate life threatening diseases that are identified in an embryo and also create a more powerful race where everyone can do what they set their mind which would lead to a greater amount of good in the lives of people. In conclusion, I have explored the ethical issues surrounding this case and whether it is morally right for parents to be allowed to create desi gner babies.Through the theories of Kantian Ethics and Utilitarianism I have come to form my own opinion that signer babies are unnecessary, although they may save lives it is impossible to justify who needs the designer baby and who doesn't. Kantian Ethics would oppose the creation of designer babies because it effectively neglects an individuals freedom and is something that can't be deemed as a universal rule and Utilitarianism supports it as the consequences create the greatest amount of happiness and least amount of unhappiness for the family.

Goal Setting Worksheet Essay

Review this week’s resources (for example SMART criteria, and the Career Plan Building Activities). Respond to the following in 50 to 100 words each: 1. Describe one academic goal that you have created using the SMART criteria. How do SMART criteria contribute to your academic goals?. An academic goal that I have created using the SMART criteria is to have my assignments completed and turned in on time in each class by starting to work on them at least seven days prior to the due date and working on them each day for at least an hour until it is completed. 2. Describe one professional/career goal you have created using the SMART criteria and Career Plan Building Activities results. How did the results of the Career Interest Profiler and Career Plan Building Activity on Competencies contribute to your professional goal development? A career goal that I have created using the SMART criteria is to get in touch with social workers in my area so that I may gain more knowledge and insight into the career field that I am interested in. The career interest profiler solidified for me that I would take great interest in a field that would involve social working. 3. Describe the stress and time-management strategies you have learned this week that will help you achieve your goals. The stress strategy that stuck out to me that will help me to achieve my goal is to let unnecessary things in my life go. The time management skills that I have learned this week that will help me to achieve my goals are to anticipate something unexpected to happen so that I will not fall behind. Another time management skill that I have learned is to set my priorities in order so that I will more able to achieve my goals. 4. Describe how you will balance academic expectations and your personal and professional responsibilities. I will balance my academic expectations, my personal responsibilities, and my professional responsibilities by setting up daily schedules and setting aside enough time for studying, any family activity planned, and the time I will be spending at work. 5. How can understanding the importance of SMART criteria and your career interests and competencies help you move towards your career and academic goals? Understanding the importance of the SMART criteria, my career interests, and my competencies will help me to achieve my goals by helping me to understand where I am good at and the areas that I need to work harder at to achieve my goals.

Concept Analysis Adolescent Pregnancy - 1329 Words

Introduction with Concept Analysis Adolescent pregnancy has been a problem in our families, communities, and the nation as a whole. It has been the focus of many studies over the years. The United States continues to have one of the highest rates of teen pregnancy in the world. â€Å"Concept analysis is an approach espoused by Walker and Avant (2011) to clarify the meanings of terms and to define concepts so that writers and readers share a common language†. An example would be the high rate of suicide from teen mothers. Many young women are exposed to a lot of hate and looked down upon. This causes them to question their lives. The bullying changes their state of mind and in some cases leads up to the death of the mother. Rodger’s concept analysis from 2002 defines many terms and explained the process of concept analysis using the revolutionary view. An example of Rodger’s concept analysis from chapter 3 of â€Å"Theoretical Basis for Nursing† would be the anxiety, shame and moral distres s that teenage mothers go through. They can be overwhelmed with schoolwork, and the life style changes. The pregnancy makes adapting to what was once â€Å"normal† very hard for the mother. Adolescent pregnancy has affected and brought a lot of obstacles to families, society, and nations as a whole. Healthcare providers have been dealing with this issue, and it has been the topic and focus of many studies. Nurses need educational strategies to give proper care to these young women. The four points ofShow MoreRelatedAssessment Tool Analysis Submission1407 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Assessment Tool Analysis NUR/440 Assessment Tools Analysis The purpose of this paper is to examine the tools that evaluate on-physical measures while applying Watson’s Theory of Human caring that integrates the mind-body-spirit dimensions to the three assessment tools chosen. In this paper, I will describe each tool and the population for which it might be useful, assessment tool data such asRead MoreUnwanted and Unplanned Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Illness1544 Words   |  7 PagesUnwanted and Unplanned Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Illness (STI) Teen Pregnancy The birth rate among teens in the United States has declined 9% from 2009 to 2010, a historic low among all racial and ethnic groups, with the least being born in 2010; and in 2011 the number of babies born to adolescents aged 15-19 years of age was 329,797 (â€Å"Birth Rates for U.S.†, 2012). Although the decline in unwanted and unplanned teen births is on the rise the United States continues to be among theRead MoreTypes Of Integrative Review784 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelop a search strategy encompassing (a) defined concepts; (b) theoretical review and comparison; (c) methodological issue analysis; (d) accentuated knowledge gaps; (e) trend identifiers; and (f) current practices. The search strategy was inclusive of a grey literature as well as a literature search related to specific databases, keywords, and years. The two databases used were Google Scholar and CINAHL; the keywords searched were â€Å"teen pregnancy† or â€Å"sex education† or â€Å"STI Pr evention† and â€Å"digital†Read MoreSex and Adolescence Essay927 Words   |  4 Pagesphase brings sexual intercourse in to consideration for the adolescent. Adolescent sex is the popular thing to do. In the 1980s and 1990s, adolescents were being taught that sex was a taboo and when married. Since puberty is occurring at a younger age, marriage is delayed until later in life. A growing number of sexually transmitted diseases occur more frequently in adolescents (Fantasia, 2008). In society today, sex among adolescents is on the rise due to lack of education, lack of parental influenceRead MoreThe Importance Of Good Communication Between Parents And Children For Safe Sex Education Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesDelaying early adolescents ‘sexual behavior Sexual intercourse at an early age has a negative impact on educational and health outcomes. In this study was evaluated an intervention designed to improve sex education of adolescents through involvement in homework activities with the family. SLO #3 Kwon, A.J.,Wickrama, K.A.S. Linking family economic pressure and supportive parenting to adolescent health behavior: Two pathways leading to health promoting and health risk behaviors. Adolescent health behaviorsRead MoreHiv And Its Effects On The United States1440 Words   |  6 Pagescurriculums are successful in encouraging teenagers from delaying sexual activity until marriage, and consequently, avoiding pregnancy, STD and/or HIV infection (Starkman, Rajani). Comprehensive sexual education, which emphasizes the benefits of abstinence while also teaching about contraception and STD/HIV prevention, has, however been shown to reduce rates of teen pregnancy and infection. This paper will discuss why comprehensive sexual education curriculum should be taught in all schools while addressingRead MoreA Discussion On Sexual Matters968 Words   |  4 Pagesthat if two condoms are worn instead of only one it will further prevent pregnancies and stds. However, when more than one con dom is used it will create friction and break leading to the possibility of getting pregnant and direct skin contact which makes a person vulnerable to an std. Many adolescents in the present day are participating in sex with minimal to no knowledge about the concept. There are about â€Å"850,000 pregnancies, and†¦ 9.1 million sexually transmitted infections†(Mckeon, 2006, para.Read MoreThe Effects Of Illegal Termination Of Pregnancies On The Quality Of Life Among Female1114 Words   |  5 PagesCAPSTONE PROJECT ON THE EFFECTS OF ILLEGAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCIES TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG FEMALE MINORS 14-19 YEARS IN OJO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, LAGOS - STATE. BY EDWINA UCHECHI IHIM-OKWANDU APPLICATION NUMBER:17616 TEXILA AMERICAN UNIVERSITY. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR DEGREE IN SCIENCE OF NURSING. APRIL,2016. ABSTRACT Illegal abortion is a general problem in the Society. It is frequently followed by Physical, Social and psychologicalRead MoreUnderstanding Adolescence Problems Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesCommon Problems of Adolescence: Concept Analysis There are several problems that adolescence encounter on a daily basis that are part of life and growing up. These problems can range anywhere from anger, anxiety, and attitude to sex, homosexuality, or violence. Almost everyone at some point and time of their adolescence, experience situations in their lives that are common to several others in their age range. The things that we go through during this time period help mold us into youngRead MoreThe Knowledge Level Of Adolescent Girls About Reproductive Health Issues1597 Words   |  7 Pages1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS The guiding research questions for this study include the following:†¢What is the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues generally?†¢ What is their level of awareness concerning the existence of family planning services?†¢ Is there a link between the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues and the incidence of unsafe induced abortion?†¢ Is there a connection between their level of awareness about family planning services

The Forbidden Facts About Papers Written Uncovered by an Old Pro

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Socialization Into Nursing - 1131 Words

Abstract This paper is about the socialization of nursing, which includes the internalization of the attitudes and values of the role. The importance of role modeling the applied behaviors and skills through preceptor experiences to aid the new nurse is discussed. The importance of the socialization process and its impact on staff recruitment and retention is touched on. The author also shares her experience upon entry to the nursing profession and how it helped her socialization. According to Creasia and Friberg, socialization is the process of becoming- acquiring knowledge and skills and internalizing attitudes and values specific to a given social group. (Creasia Friberg, 2011) The term socialization used here refers to†¦show more content†¦The profession needs to get beyond the reputation for â€Å"eating their young† and mentor the young and mold them into the role. Personally speaking my direct preceptor experience was very beneficial. As students, our class was forewarned regarding the transition difficulties of the nursing role that we would be entering. Many in the class took that seriously and chose to commute down to Manhattan, a considerable distance, to obtain a nurse fellowship or precepted positions at medical facilities associated with teaching programs. The hospitals pursued by the author for precept programs were Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York Hospital Cornell Medical Center, Columbia Presbyterian Medi cal Center, and Mount Sinai Medical Center. This author began at a well known hospital in NYC. Those rookie nurses surrounded by knowledgeable, wise, respected, approachable preceptors transitioned healthfully and safely into the world of nursing in 1992 and remain strong advocates in healthcare today. Because of this excellent experience, there are really no nightmares for this author to share. Sharing knowledge in a mentoring capacity is necessary to aid the transition for a younger, and or less knowledgeable nurse to the critical care arena today. Despite experience as a nurse the transition toShow MoreRelatedSocialization Into The Nursing Practice1528 Words   |  7 Pages Socialization into the Nursing Practice Nursing 425 Being a new graduate with a bachelor degree in nursing is the most exciting thing everyone would need to have in life. As a new graduate, there are so many challenges as the nurse is try to familiarize themselves into the role and responsibilities of the clinical practice. These challenges include the many stressful demands of the profession which does not only involve the nursing practice andRead MoreEssay on Socialization to Nursing1966 Words   |  8 PagesSocialization into Nursing Winston – Salem State University January 21, 2013 Nursing 2312 Abstract This paper explores the process of how nurses are socialized into their profession and how my own personal socialization process has shaped my nursing career. Using Benner’s Model of socialization, I plan to explore my own personal journey from Novice to Expert reflecting the changes in my career that were supported by his five stages or levels of proficiency. Each level produced its own challengesRead MoreNursing Socialization Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesSocialization into Nursing Kimberly Grazier Winston Salem State University Abstract In this paper you will learn about socialization of nursing and the important role that it plays in staff retention. The goal of business’s that employee nurses are to not only retain staff but to keep them happy and satisfied as well. I have included several examples of how to do this. I have also included examples of the attitudes and values of a well socialized nurse and how this affects not only the nurseRead MoreEssay Professional Socialization681 Words   |  3 Pages| Professional Socialization | LaTonya Jefferson NUR/391 Henny Breen July 5,2010 | | | | | What is Professional Socialization? Professional Socialization is defined as the process by which individuals acquire the specializedRead MoreThe Role Of Professional Socialization During The Transition Period1686 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Professional socialization occurs when individuals are exposed to different socialization agents including clients, peers, faculty, healthcare professionals and family. The process of professional socialization is aimed at allowing individuals to communicate successfully. Students get the opportunity to learn diverse experiences by interacting with the agents, and this facilitates professional development. New graduate nurses have high turnover rates due to the gap in theory and practiceRead MoreNursing Is An Ever Changing Field1238 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no doubt that nursing is an ever changing field. Although nursing always has been about caring for others, at the present time, this field is more sophisticated and respected than in the past. Currently, there are standards of nursing practice and professional performance developed by the American Nurses Association (ANA) for American nurses to follow. However, there is some controversy about whether nursing is a professi on or not. Also, in order to learn these standards as well as otherRead MoreProfessional Socialization : Professional Motivation1172 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional Socialization is defined as a process where individuals form the characteristics, attitudes and values of a particular profession (Lai PK, Pek HL). In the nursing field, professional socialization is a necessary step involving the LPN/LVN into their new RN role by assisting them with the internalization and development of their new professional identity. (Ellis Hartley. 2011) However, transitioning into this new role can be a complex and challenging multi-faced process (Boychuk DuchscherRead MoreEssay on Week 3 NR351 Discussion697 Words   |  3 Pagesprogram, you are again going through a period of socialization or transformation. As you learn more about the roles of the BSN-prepared nurse, how can you use other nurses with BSNs and higher degrees to help you in your socialization or transformation? What factors a re most important as you become socialized as a BSN student? What are your resources in this process? How can this process be most effective? According to the lesson, socialization is the interactive process of developing an identityRead MoreThe Standards Of Nursing Practice1464 Words   |  6 PagesStandards in nursing practice involve a myriad of collaborated and approved beliefs with each as important as the other. To achieve the goals that are set when providing healthcare, it requires a comprehensive mindset, a positive outlook, and participation with a team that supports and encourages quality collaboration effort with others to reach the goals. Collaboration is the standard of nursing that I have chosen to write about. Collaboration means to work together with others to effect a changeRead MoreGoals Of Professional Socialization785 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional socialization has four goals: (1) to learn the technology of the profession- the facts, skills, and theory, (2) to learn to internalize the professional culture, (3) to find a personally and professionally acceptable version of the role, and (4) to inte grate this professional role into all of the other life roles (Masters, p. 174). In the first goal, it is our duty to stay in touch with advancing technology. This advancement allows more efficient and precise diagnostics. We are learning

Romeo And Juliet Tragedy Essay Example For Students

Romeo And Juliet Tragedy Essay Romeo and Juliet EssayIt is known that in Shakespeares tragedies main characters die in the end, and in his comedies people marry. Since Romeo and Juliet are a tragedy, Romeo and Juliet are going to die in the end. Some events have to lead to their deaths, and someone makes these events happen. The person(s) who started it all and did something that led to all the other events that caused the death of a pair of star-crossed lovers (Prologue, 6). The Capulets and Montagues would be most responsible for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet because if their ancestors didnt start the fighting, and they didnt continue it, nothing terrible would have happened. The first lines of the book tell us about the hate and envy between the two houses. Choir: Two households, both alike in dignity, / . . ./From ancient grudge to new mutiny, (Prologue, 1-3). The choir tells us that the whole conflict started a long time ago with really little things, and then grew into huge fights involving many people. No leader of either household ever though about making peace, they were all too busy to spoil everything for the rival family. Only after the death of their children they realized how wrong they were. Romeo and Juliet first meet each other at a party at the Capulets house. They fall in love with each other at the first sight without knowing that they are from rival houses, and when they do learn about it, it is too late. Juliet says: My only love, sprung from my only hate!/Too early seen unknown, and known too late! (I, v, 147-148). Juliet realizes that it was a mistake to fall in love with Romeo, because he is one of the people she should watch out fo r. He is her first and only love, but he is an enemy of her family. Luckily for Romeo, Juliet is smart, and such dumb thing as unreasonable hate between their parents wouldnt stop her from loving Romeo and getting married with him. She is sorry that their families are enemies, though, because everything would be much easier if they werent. So this is the first time when the hate between Capulets and Montagues becomes an obstacle to Romeo and Juliets happiness. Only after their children die, do the Montague and Capulet come to their senses? The Prince accuses them of killing Romeo and Juliet: . . . Capulet, Montague, /See what a scourge is laid upon your hate, /That heavens finds means to kill your joys with love! (V, iii, 304-306). The Prince makes them see how wrong they were all the time, that all because of their hate, because they couldnt let their children love each other, Romeo and Juliet died. After that, Capulet and Montague make peace, and Montague even says that he will make a gold statue of Juliet, but what is that going to do, it is too late, nothing will bring their children back. It is totally Capulets and Montagues fault that Romeo and Juliet died. If they didnt hate each other so much, they would let their children marry, and they would be able to live happily ever after. There was only one person that realized how unreasonable the fighting was and even tried to stop it, and he was Benvolio. Benvolio was a Montague, but the Capulets didnt have a peacemaker such as Benvolio. They only had Tybalt, whose only goal was to destroy all the Montagues. Also we dont really know how Romeo and Juliets parents would have reacted if they had known that their children love each other. Romeo and Juliet didnt even try to tell them about love between them because they were afraid that their parents wouldnt understand them, but maybe they would. The problem is, we dont know, because Capulet and Montague learned about their childrens love when they were already dead. It is still mostly Capulets and Montagues fault that Romeo and Juliet died, but maybe it was just their fate t o die.

Symbolic Significance in Chinese Culture and My Life free essay sample

We need to see the history of dumplings to find out the answer. Back to hundred years ago, dumplings are more like delicacy rather than a nice food to appease people’s hunger. When China was an economically backward country, people always eat cheap roughage such as corn, millet or rice as main meal. Smith describes rice is â€Å"a basic component of routine domestic and ritual activity. † (Smith, 2006) Dumplings were not the same thing. They were only appeared in Spring Festival as a decent food to highlight the day. Therefore, food like dumplings was also represented a happy and wealthy life that people wanted and pursued. Because of this reason, dumplings could have an outstanding impact in people’s everyday life. Although in nowadays dumplings is not a luxury food any more, people are still enjoy having dumplings whenever traditional festivals. The thousand years custom have formed to a culture appearance, carry down from generation to generation. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolic Significance in Chinese Culture and My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page No doubt, dumplings bring Chinese people infinite hope and happy, from past till now and possibly in the future. Dumplings gradually transferred from a general food to an influential mascot. This is because the dumplings are provided a satisfaction for people’s psychological need. In another words, Chinese people gave the auspicious meaning to dumplings in the process that people tried to create a health and good life. In the variable kinds of Chinese traditional food, dumplings are not the most â€Å"coroneted† one, but people only chose dumplings as a mascot. According to Lee, â€Å"a group’s customs and rules about appropriate social behavior can reflect important cultural values. (Lee, 2009) Except dumplings are very delicious, I think its unique looking is more correspond with Chinese national characteristics. Dumplings are a classic farcie food, contrast with burgers or pizzas, which all the material is clear at a glance. No matter what the stuffing of a dumpling is, people cannot know just by looking at it. The hidden character of dumplings just corresponds with Chi nese diffidence personality. Therefore, the decision was made by Chinese people according to their own appreciation standards, which meet their psychological needs. There are many different customs about dumplings in different regions of China. My grandparents are living at a country side in the north of China. They have a custom that bride needs eat dumplings in the wedding day. When I was very little, the bride was carried by a sedan to bridegroom’s house on the wedding day. Before that day, the mother of the bride would prepare 40 dumplings and hide them under the sedan seat. When the bride arrived on the husband’s home, the relatives would boil the hided dumplings for the bridal and the groom. The entire process means the new couples will happy and together forever. Lenkeit says that â€Å"culture is constantly changing†¦It changes internally through innovations and inventions-new ideas and combinations of old ideas to create new things. † (Lenkeit, 2009) This point explains the change of this custom. Since woman do not use sedan any more, a new â€Å"rule† replaced the old custom applied in weddings. In recent years, the mother of the bride will make some really spicy dumplings and ask groom to eat. She uses the â€Å"terrible† dumplings to show that it is not easy to get her daughter. In addition to those customs of dumplings in my hometown, dumplings also have impacts in my recent life. This is the second year since I came to US. I spend Spring Festival with my friends last year. We made a great dinner and many dumplings together to celebrate the most important holiday of the year. Like the customer for Christmas that people usually buy gift for their family members, the heart of Spring Festival is making and eating dumplings. Carrier indicates that the gift creates problems â€Å"because the objects people confront in such societies overwhelmingly are impersonal commodities. And because these objects are impersonal, they do not make good gifts. † (Carrier, 1993) For this point, dumplings would never cause problems. Although people could easily buy dumplings from supermarket, making dumplings is also an important part in Spring Festival. The process of making dumpling is more complex than making other food, but the process allows people stay together and communicate. In conclusion, dumplings are indispensable in Chinese traditional activities.